Ga cikakken labari mai sauƙi game da binciken da aka wallafa ta Cibiyar Nazarin Fermi, wanda zai iya taimakawa jarirai da ɗalibai su yi sha’awar kimiyya:
Labarin Mu na Kimiyya: Yadda Kwakwalwar Kwamfuta Mai Kyau Ke Samun Hasken Wuta!
Ranar 29 ga Yuli, 2025, 2:37 na rana
Kuna jin labarin wani babban ci gaba mai ban sha’awa daga wani wuri mai suna Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory? Wannan wuri kamar babban kantin kimiyya ne, inda masu hazaka ke nazarin abubuwa masu ban mamaki. A wannan rana, sun ba mu wani sirrin yadda za mu inganta irin wannan kwamfutar da ake kira “kwamfutar kwantun.”
Menene Kwamfutar Kwantun?
Ku yi tunanin kwamfutar da muke amfani da ita a yanzu, kamar wayar hannu ko kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka. Suna amfani da abin da ake kira “bits” don adana bayanai. Wadannan bits kamar kwan fitila ne ne kawai; ko dai suna kunne (1) ko kuma a kashe (0). Mai sauƙi, ko?
Amma kwamfutar kwantun tana amfani da wani abu mafi ban mamaki da ake kira “qubits“. Ku yi tunanin qubit kamar kwan fitila wanda zai iya kasancewa a kunne, kashe, ko kuma wani abu a tsakiya – yana iya kasancewa duka biyun a lokaci guda! Wannan abin al’ajabi yana ba kwamfutar kwantun damar yin lissafi da sauri fiye da duk kwamfutar da muka sani a yau. Zai iya taimaka mana mu gano sabbin magunguna, mu fahimci sararin samaniya, da kuma warware matsalolin da ke da wuya sosai.
Wannan Binciken Ya Shafi Me?
A Cibiyar Nazarin Fermi, masu bincikenmu sun yi nazarin wani nau’in kwamfutar kwantun da ake kira “transmon.” Ku yi tunanin transmon kamar jaririn kwamfutar kwantun mu – yana da kyau sosai, amma har yanzu yana girma.
Kuma, kamar yadda duk jariran suke buƙatar kulawa, haka nan wadannan transmon din suke. Suna aiki ta hanyar amfani da wani abu mai sauri kamar iska mai dauke da wuta da ake kira “microwave.” Ku yi tunanin wadannan microwaves kamar sigina daga rediyo, amma suna da ƙarfi sosai kuma suna da ƙananan gaske.
Binciken da aka wallafa a yau ya gano wani babban sirrin: wadannan microwaves, duk da cewa suna da amfani, wani lokaci suna samun asara ko kuma suna rashin samun daidai a cikin kwakwalwar transmon. Ku yi tunanin kamar kuna kokarin wucewa da wani abu ta cikin bututu mai yashi. Wasu daga cikin wancan abu zai iya makale a cikin yashi, haka nan microwaves din zai iya “makalewa” ko kuma ya dusashe a cikin kwakwalwar transmon.
Mece ce Asara Ta Microwave?
Lokacin da wadannan microwaves din suka rasa ƙarfinsu, yana da wuya ga kwamfutar kwantun ta yi ayyukanta daidai. Kwatankwacin irin yadda kake kokarin yin magana da wani ta wata waya da ta lalace – bazai ji ka daidai ba.
A kimiyance, idan microwaves din suka rasa ƙarfinsu, tsawon lokacin da qubit zai iya kasancewa yana yin abubuwa masu ban mamaki (wannan ake kira “quantum coherence time“) zai ragu. Kuma idan ya ragu, to, kwamfutar kwantun ba za ta iya yin lissafin da yawa ko kuma za ta yi kurakurai.
Me Ya Sa Wannan Yake Da Muhimmanci Ga Yara?
Wannan binciken yana da matukar muhimmanci saboda yana taimaka wa masu kimiyya su fahimci yadda za su inganta kwakwalwar kwamfutar kwantun din. Ta hanyar fahimtar inda wadannan asarar microwaves din ke faruwa, za su iya yin kwakwalwar mafi kyau, mafi tsabta, kuma mafi karfi.
Ku yi tunanin kawo wani sabon mota. A farko, za ka iya samun wani karamin matsala da wani bangare. Amma idan ka gano matsalar, za ka iya gyara shi kuma motar ta zama mafi kyau! Haka masu bincikenmu suke yi.
Lokacin da muka samu kwamfutar kwantun da ke aiki daidai kuma mai karfi, za mu iya amfani da ita wajen warware wasu manyan matsaloli a duniya. Hakan na nufin:
- Magunguna Mafi Kyau: Za mu iya gano sabbin magunguna da sauri don taimakawa mutane da cututtuka.
- Kayayyakin Al’ajabi: Za mu iya gano sabbin kayayyaki masu ban mamaki kamar filastik da ba zai lalace ba ko kuma wata sabuwar hanyar samar da makamashi mai tsabta.
- Fahimtar Duniya: Za mu iya fahimtar sararin samaniya da yadda komai ke aiki a kananan gaske (kamar yadda wadannan qubits din suke).
Shin Kai Ma Zaka Zama Masanin Kimiyya?
Wannan binciken yana nuna cewa kimiyya tana cike da tambayoyi da kuma sirrin da muke bukatar warwarewa. Kowane abu mai karami, kamar yadda microwaves din ke makalewa, yana da mahimmanci ga babban burinmu na gina kwamfutar kwantun da za ta canza duniya.
Idan kuna son yin tambayoyi, kuna son sanin yadda abubuwa ke aiki, ko kuna son warware matsaloli, to kuna iya kasancewa cikakkiyar masanin kimiyya a nan gaba! Wannan shi ne mafarin duk wani babban binciken da zai iya kawo cigaba ga bil’adama.
Ku ci gaba da kasancewa masu sha’awa, ku ci gaba da yin tambayoyi, kuma ku ci gaba da koyo! Kimiyya tana da ban mamaki sosai!
Microwave losses in transmon designs limit quantum coherence times, study finds
AI ta bayar da labari.
An yi amfani da tambayar da ke ƙasa don samar da amsa daga Google Gemini:
A 2025-07-29 14:37, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory ya wallafa ‘Microwave losses in transmon designs limit quantum coherence times, study finds’. Da fatan za a rubuta cikakken labari mai dauke da karin bayani cikin sauki wanda yara da ɗalibai za su iya fahimta, don ƙarfafa yara su fi sha’awar kimiyya. Da fatan za a samar da labarin a Hausa kawai.